Crushing, grinding, and refining machine



Nov. 27, 1928. 1,692,884

5. BRAMLEY-MOORE CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND REFINING MACHINE Filed April 6,1928 :5 Sheets-Sheet 1 4. fits 35 6 Him a e q Nov. 27, 1928. 1,692,884

- s. BRAMLEY-MOORE CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND REFINING MACHINE Filed April6, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet .2

Nov. 27, 1928.

Filed April 6, 1928 v 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 5 1 0 M 44 3/ 5 7: 3 n F w J iv Za m- 2 4 1 A attoz M11 Patent Nov. 27, 1928.

PATENT OFFICE.

' SWINFEN BRAMLEY-MOORE, OF WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK.

CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND REFINING MACHINE. v I

Application filed April 6, 1928. Serial No. 267,992.

' The present invention relates tb crushing, grinding and'refiningmachines, such as are used for crushing, grinding or refining chocolate,paint, printers ink and other materials, and the general object ofthe-invention is to provide a machine of that kind which is improvedthroughout to increase the eiiiciency thereof.

Another object of the invention is the pro-- vision of novel crushing,grinding or refining elements. 1

A further object is to provide novel means for mounting the grindingelements and to provide novel means for applying pressure to saidelements.

A still further object is to provide novel means for feeding ordirecting the material to the grinding elements.

The invention has for anotherobject the provision of novel mechanism forControlling and regulating the pressure of the grinding line 22 of Fig.1.

elements, which may beoperatedduring the operation of the machine.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparent asthe description proceeds, the invention resides in the construction andarrangement of parts as hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed,without departing from the spirit of the invention. I

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereinFigure 1 is a vertical median section of the machine, portions beingshown in elevation, and portions being omitted and broken away for sakeof clearness.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail on the Fig. 3 is a plan or faceview ofone of the grmdmg units on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line 4 -4 1 of Fig.3.

Fig. 5 is a detail View illustrating the dynamometer for indicating thepressure.

The casing comprises the cylindrical body 11 and end plates 12 and 13,said-end plates having the inlets 14 near the top of the casing which isdisposed with its axis horizontal, and the endplates have the hoppers 15into which the material is dumped to fiow through the inlets into thecasing. A water jacket 16 surrounds the body '11 for the circulation ofwater therein to cool the body, or conversely for the circulation of aheating medium.

The body 11 has a liner 17, which may be composedof sections or arcuateplates, and

said liner maybe of chilled cast iron, carb'orundum, tool steel or othersuitable material to provlde an effective grinding surface. The innersurface of the liner 17 is provided with small ribs 18 which arepreferably parallel face of the liner.

1 The end plate 13 has a normally closed outlet 19 near the bottom ofthe casing, through which the material may be discharged.

. The end plate 12 has a bearing 20 extendin within the casing centrallythereof, an through which a tubular or sleeve shaft 21 is ournaled, anda shaft 22 extends through the shaft 21. A wheel 23 is secured on theinner terminal of the shaft 21 between the end plates of the casing tomove the grinding elements along the grinding surface of the easmg.

v In order "to mount the grinding elements on the wheel 23, levers 24are provided which have the short arms 25 projecting beyond theperiphery of the wheel, and said levers are in inwardly and providedwith rounded termlnals 28 working within slots 29 in a disk 30secured-on the inner terminal of the shaft 22, so that the levers 25 maybe swung on their pivots. by the rotation of, the disk 30 relatively tothe wheel 23.

The grinding elements are arranged in groups, and a plurality ofgrinding units are provided each including a group or set of grindingelements.

The lever arms 25 have bearings 31 through which rods 32 extend parallelwith the axis of the casing and located near the grinding surare bentinto bearings 33 embracing rods 35 parallel with the rod 32. There aretwo rods 35 in each grinding unit, and a pair of cross members 36 ismounted for oscillatory motion on each (rod 35.

The members 36 of each pair have notches or recesses 37 extendingthrough more thanone-half of a circle, in which the grinding elements 38are fitted. Said grinding elements are 0 circular cross-sect1on, asshown,

and may be moved endwise into and out of the recesses 37 in assemblingand separating the parts. The grinding elements or rods 38 may be oftool' steel, 'carbo'rundum metal or other suitable materiahand presentrounded grinding surfaces to the grinding surface of the liner 17 foreffectively grinding, crushing or refining the material. The grindingpivot axis to enable the grinding elements to pass across lumps or clodsof material with a yielding action. Thus, either grinding element of apair may move awayfrom the liner 17, and both grinding elements areunder substantially equal pressure. The grinding elements 38 aredisposed end to end throughout the length of the body 11, as seen inFig. 1.-

In order to retain the grinding elements 38 in place,-they are providedwith apertures 39 therein, to receive the terminals 40 of wire retainingelements having the loops 41 between said terminals fitted on the rods35.

When the-wire fretainifigelements 40,41 are disengaged from the grindingelements, such elements may be turned in'the recesses 37 and theretaining elements again engaged with said grinding elements, in orderthat the grinding elements may be used for an extended period of time.Thus, after the elements 38 wear downfiat, they may be loosened andturned to present other curved surfaces thereof to the liner, and thismay be --repeated several times until the grinding elements arewornaway. I

In order to feed or direct the material be tween the grinding elements38 and the liner 17, feed or deflecting plates 42 are disposed in frontof the grinding elements between the members 36, and are hingedlymounted in front of the corresponding grinding elements. The rearplate42 of each pair has 'its forward edge bent into a. sleeve 42 looselyembracing the corresponding rod 35, and a rod 35 is mounted in each'pairof members 36 at the forward ends thereof and is loosely embraced by asleeve 42 of the front plate 42. The plates 42 may thus turn on the rods35, .35, and the rear edges of said plates contact with the grindingelements 38. As shown, wire springs 42" have coils embracing The machineis driven by a gear wheel 44 secured on the outer terminal of the shaft21 and located within a housing 45 carried by the end plate 12, and abearing 46 is carried by the housing 45' beyond the end of the shaft 21in which a tubular or sleeve shaft 47 is mounted for rotation. The shaft47 has a flange 49 between the bearing 46 and wheel 44 and ananti-friction thrust bearing 48 is disposed between the inner end of thebearing 46 and said flange 49, to take up the axial v thrust in onedirection. The inner end of the shaft 47has a flange50 secured to thehub of the wheel 44, whereby the shafts 21 and 47 are driven by saidwheel. The shaft 22 extends through. the shaft 47 as well as the shaft21. v

The outer terminals of the shafts 22 and 47 are operably connected toobtain relative rotation thereof in order to regulate the pressure ofthe springs 33. For this purpose planetary gearing is housed within acase 51 including the cylindrical body 52 disposed between the heads orplates 53 and 54.- Bolts or tie rods 55 extend through said heads andhave flanged washers 60 thereon bearing against the inner head 54 andoverlapping an outstandin annular'flange 59 on the hub of a hand wheel56 which is screw-threaded, as at 57, on the bearing 46.

The case 51 and hand wheel :56 thus have a swivel connection wherebythey are free to rotate relatively to one another, and the case ismovable longitudinally with the hand wheel. An anti-frictional thrustbearing 58 is confined between the head 54 and hub of the hand Wheel 56to take up the end thrust opposite to that taken up by the bearing 48.Thebearing 48 takes up pressure from the shafts 21, 22 and 47, while"the bearing 58 takesup the opposite end thrust on said shaft. v The,head 54 isrotatable on the shaft 47, while the head 53 is rotatable onthe sleeve 61 on the outer terminal of the shaft 22. The

sleeve 61 may be graduated to indicate thereon the position of thecase51 andhand wheel 56 longitudinally of the shaft, it being apparentthat, the marks on the sleeve 61 are covered up and exposed,respectively, as the case 5}1l is moved outwardlyand inwardly on the sa-fts.

The planetary gearing within the case 51 comprises sun gears 62 and 63secured on the shafts 22 and 47 respectively, and planet respectively,

7 gears 64 and 65 meshing with the gears 62 1 rod 55.

The gears 64 and 65 have spiral or oblique teeth in reverse arrangement,and the teeth of the gears 62 and 63 are correspondingly arranged, sothat the sliding movement of the gears 64, 65 with respect to the gears62, 63, will result in relative turning movements of the shafts 22 and47, 21. This action occurs with the parts stationary excepting for axialsliding motion, with the case .51 rotating with the shafts, or with thecase stationary while the shafts are rotating. When the case 51 is slidlongitudinally the sliding movement of the gears 64, 65 with referenceto the gears 62, 63 will, by the helical angle of the gear teeth, tendto rotate the gears 62, 63 inopposite direction, thereby similarlyturning the shafts 22 and 47, 21 relatively to one another.

In this manner, the shaft 22 is turned in the shaft 21 to turn the disk30 relatively to the wheel 23, thereby swingingthe levers .25, and byadjusting the hand wheel 56 the levers 25 may be swung to force the rods32 either outwardly or inwardly to increaseor decrease the pressure onthe springs 33 and grinding elements 38. The levers 25 are non-yieldingin any adjustment thereof, so that the mountings of the leaf springs 33are non-yieldable, thereby maintaining the intermediate portions of theleaf springs at a fixed distance from the grinding surface of the casingin any particular adjustment of the levers.

The case 51 is free to rotate with the shafts, during the operation ofthe machine, but the case maybe held against rotation, in which eventthe gears 64, 65 will rotate abouttheir "own spindles, whereas, when thecase turns with the shafts thegears 64, 65 rotate solid with the gears62, 63.. The planetary gearing thus afiords effective means forobtaining relative rotation of the wheel 23 and disk 30, to regulate thepressure on the grinding elements, and the gearing operates with aminimum friction and resistance. I

The planetary gearing may also be employed as dyn amometer, either inconnection with the crushing, grinding or refining machine, or inconnection with any other'ma- T chine or between relatively rotatableshafts or inembers. Thus, as seen in Fig. 5, an arm 67 may be carried bythe case 51, to which a suitable spring 68 is connected, and said armcooperates with a suitably graduated scale 69. The case 51 has atendency to be rotated in one direction with the shafts, which is resisted'by the spring68. The greater the pressure or resistanceis'between the. shafts, the greater will bethe force tending to turn thecase 51 and arm 67, so that the "load is' indicated on the scale 69. Itis thuspossible to use scale- 69 the pressure between the grinding--elements 38 and grinding surface along which they move. Y

The grinding elements 38 are preferably of With this arcircularcross-section,but may be of square or other polygonal cross-section, inwhich event the .recesses 37 are of corresponding form. r

Having thus described the inventiom'what is claimed as new is 1. Amachine of the character described comprising a cylindrical casinghaving a grinding surface therein, two shafts, a wheel on one shaftwithin the casing, levers carried by said wheel, a disk mounted'on-theother" shaft and operably connected with said levers, 8

grinding elements carried by said levers and working along said gr ndingsurface, andmeans operably connecting saidqshafts for rotating one withthe other and for adjustmg them rotatably relatively to one another toswing said'levers relatively to said wheel and regulate the pressure onsaid grinding 1;

elements.

' 2. A machine of the character described comprising'a casing having agrinding surface therein, a tubular shaft entering the casing, awheelsecured on said shaftwithin the casing, grinding elements carriedby said wheel to work along said grinding surface,

a second shaft extending through said tubular shaft, and operativeconnection between said secondshaft and grinding elements to move saidgrinding elements along said surface, by j therotation of the secondshaft relatively to the tubular shaft, and an operative connectionbetween said shafts for turning the second shaft with the tubular shaftand adjusting the shafts rotatably relatively to one another.

3. A machine of the character described comprlsmg a casing having agrinding surface therein, a wheel mounted -for'rotation in said Icasing, levers carried by said wheel, leaf springs connected betweentheir ends with said levers, grinding elements connected with the endportions of said springs and working along 'sai 'd rinding surface, andmeans for swinging said levers relatively to said wheel to regulate thepressure on said springs and grinding elements.

4. A "machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface, and grinding means working within the casing includingleaf springs, grinding elements carried byathe end v portions of'saidthe intermediate portions of the springs.

5.. A machineof the character described sin-' comprising a casing havinga grinding J 7 face therein, a wheel mounted for rotation within thecasing, non-yieldable adjustable members carried by the wheel, leafsprings mounted between their ends on said members, and grindingelements carried by the end portions of said springs and Workingalongsaid surface.

6 .'A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface therein, and grinding means rotatable within the casingand including carrier members having recesses, and rod-shaped grindingelements disposed in said "recesses and adapted to be positioned thereinto present different surfaces thereof to said grinding surface.

7 A machine .of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface therein, a wheel rotatable within the casing,adjustable pressure members carried by said wheel,.carrier membershingedly connected between their ends with said pressure members, andhaving recesses in front and in rear of the hinge connections, andgrinding elements in said recesses and working along saidgrindingsurface.

8. A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface therein, a wheel rotatable inthe casing, adjustablemembers carried by the wheel, leaf springs mounted between their ends onsaid members, rods carried by the end portions of said springs, carriermembers mounted between their ends on said rods, and grinding elementsmounted in; said carrier members in front and in rear of said'rods.

9. A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface therein, and a rotatable grinding means within saidcasing having grinding elements Working along said surface and feedplates in front of said elements to feed the material between saidelements and surface.

10. A machine of the character described comprising a casing, a wheelrotatable therein,

' carrier members mounted on said wheel and having recesses, grindingelements disposed in said recesses, rods carried by said members andfeed plates hingedly mounted on said rods infront of the grindingelements and extending rearwardly to said elements to direct thematerial between sa d elements and casing.

11. A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface, a wheel mounted for rotation in said casing, leverscarried by said wheel, means for swinging said levers relatively to saidwheel, rods carried by said levers, leafsprings mounted between theirends on said rods, carrier members hingedly mounted be-" tween theirends to the end portions of saidsprings and having recesses in front andin rear of the hinge connections, and rod-like grinding elementsdisposed insaid recesses and working along said grinding surface.

12.151 machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface, a wheel mounted for rotation in said caslng, leverscarried by said wheel, means for swinglng said levers relatively to saidwheel, rods carried by said levers, leaf springs mounted between theirends on said rods, carrier members having front and rear recesses,rod-like grinding elements disposed in said recesses and-working alongsaid grinding surface, rods carried by said carrier members in front ofsaid grinding elements, the rear rods being hingedly mounted on the endportions of said springs, and feed plates hingedly mounted on said rodsand extending rearwardly to said grinding elements.

13. A machine of the character described comprising a cylindricalcasing, two shafts, a

wheel on one shaft within the casing, levers carried by said wheel,grinding elements carried by said levers and working within said casing,means for turning said shafts with reference to one'another, andoperative connections between the other shaft and said levers toregulate the pressure on' said elements by the relative turningadjustment of said shafts.

14. A machine of the character described comprisin a casing having agrinding: surface therein, a wheel mounted for rotation within thecasing, adjustable members car;

ried by said wheel, leaf springs mounted bements carried by said carriermembers in front and m rear of the huge connections and working alongsa1d grlndlng surface.

15. A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface, two shafts, a member secured to one shaft within saidcasing, grinding elements mounted on said member to work along saidsurface, operative connections between the other shaft and said'elementsto apply pressure to said elements by relative rotation of said shafts,and gearing connecting said shafts for rotating onewith the other andincluding relatively slidable spiral gears forsure to said elements byrelative rotation of Said shafts, and planetary gearing connecting saidshafts for the rotation of one shaft with the other and includingrelatively slidable spiral gears for rotating one shaft relatively tothe other.

17. A machine of the character described tween their ends on saidmembers, carrier members hingedly connected with the end a portionsofsaid springs, and grinding elecomprising a casing having a grindingsurface two shafts, a member secured to one shaft within said casing,grinding elements mounted on said member to work along said surface,operative connections between the other shaft and said elements to applypressure to said elements by relative rotation of said shafts, andplanetary gearing including spiral sun gears rotatable with said shaftsand spiral planet gears rotatable one with the other and meshing withthe sun gears, the sun and planet gears being slidable longitudinally ofthe shafts relatively to one another for turning one shaft relatively tothe other.

18. A machine of the character described comprising a casing having agrinding surface, two shafts, a member secured to one shaft within saidcasing, grinding elements mounted on said member to work along saidsurface, operative connections between the other-shaft and said elementsto apply pressure to said elements by relative rotation of said shafts,a case rotatable and slidable on said shafts, spiral sun gears securedon said shafts spiral planet gears rotatable one with the other, carriedby said case and meshing with said sungears, and means for sliding saidcase on said shafts.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afliX my signature;

SWINFEN BRAMLEY-MOORE.

